Which statement best describes contingency-based self-management?

Contingency-based self-management refers to a strategy where students take an active role in monitoring and regulating their own behavior in response to specific contingencies or consequences. By encouraging students to self-monitor, they develop greater awareness of their behavior and its impact, which can lead to improved self-regulation and responsibility. This approach not only fosters independence but also empowers students to set goals, track their progress, and understand the relationship between their actions and outcomes.

This strategy contrasts significantly with purely teacher-led approaches, which can limit student agency and involvement in their own behavior management. It also differs from strategies that minimize student participation or rely on punitive measures, as these approaches often do not promote long-term behavior change or self-efficacy. Thus, the emphasis on self-monitoring makes it clear why the assertion that contingency-based self-management encourages students to take charge of their behavior is the most accurate.