What type of assessment occurs after the completion of an instructional unit?

The correct answer is summative assessment, which is designed to evaluate student learning, skill acquisition, or academic achievement at the conclusion of an instructional period. This type of assessment typically involves a comprehensive evaluation through tests, projects, or presentations, which allows educators to measure how well students have absorbed the material and met the learning objectives set for the unit. Summative assessments provide data that can be used for grading as well as to determine the effectiveness of the instruction.

In contrast, formative assessments are intended to monitor student progress during the learning process with the aim of providing ongoing feedback, which can enrich instruction and support student learning. Diagnostic assessments occur prior to instruction and are designed to assess students' knowledge and skills to identify any gaps or areas in need of intervention before learning begins. The term “contract assessment” is not a standard term commonly used in educational assessment, which underscores the distinction in types of assessments and their specific purposes within the instructional framework.